Cutting propulsion friction losses

Predicting the friction losses of combustion engines is a crucial topic for today’s engine developments which are under ever mounting pressures to find the most cost effective approach to improve fuel economy and overall mechanical efficiency. Engine friction plays a significant part in a vehicle’s efficiency, but it is difficult to calculate precisely and hard to measure confidently. Manufacturers are needed to do more analysis with less engineering resource available in this area.

The Realis integrated friction solution offers a complete toolset allowing users to assess trade-off of design changes on other constraints, including NVH and durability. Helping to minimise friction and improve engine efficiency.

WAVE 是一种一维计算流体动力学 (CFD) 工具，其中包括一个名为 FAST 的预测摩擦模块，可以快速估算循环平均摩擦，以评估对内燃机 (ICE) 总摩擦平均有效压力 (FMEP) 的重要贡献者，以及其他类型的损失。

结构力学套件包括 ENGDYN、PISDYN、RINGPAK、SABR 和 VALDYN，是补充 FAST 的高保真工具，可预测 ICE 摩擦（FMEP）和传动效率，以进行详细的组件设计，并作为车辆系统模型的输入来评估驾驶周期能耗。

IGNITE 是一款完整的基于物理的模拟软件包。借助构建模块库系统，用户可以快速准确地对车辆系统进行建模，以预测车辆行驶周期的能耗。